Submersible pumps are divided into submersible pumps and self-priming pumps. The entire pump body of the submersible pump is submerged in water for operation; A self-priming pump is connected to the water layer to suck out water. In modern rural production, submersible pumps are becoming increasingly popular among growers due to their advantages of low price, small size, light weight, and convenient pumping and irrigation. However, different models of submersible pumps have different functions, power, suction range, flow rate, etc. Many farmers often encounter situations where a large horse pulls a small car or a small horse pulls a large car in actual use due to the lack of professional guidance when purchasing. This directly leads to production losses and cost waste, and some may even cause safety accidents, affecting the service life of submersible pumps. It can be seen that choosing a safe and durable submersible pump is very important.
Firstly, when making a purchase, it is important to carefully examine the brand and product quality certificate
A standard and qualified water pump is manufactured according to ISO requirements, with a long lifespan and low energy consumption. When making a purchase, it is necessary to go to a sales point recognized by the agricultural machinery department, identify the manufacturer, and carefully read the brand and product quality certificate. You cannot purchase products without a manufacturer, production date, or production license, otherwise it will be difficult to solve problems once they occur. New customers can first consult experts in water pumps, or directly consult some old customers who use similar products to themselves, so as to avoid taking detours.
Secondly, it is necessary to understand the relationship between the head of the water pump and the flow rate of the water pump
The head of a water pump does not equal the lifting height, and it is particularly important to clarify this when selecting a water pump. The head of the water pump is approximately 1.15-1.20 times the lifting height. For example, if the vertical height from a water source to the point of use is 20 meters, the required lift is approximately 23-24 meters. Therefore, when choosing a water pump, it is best to have the head on the pump nameplate close to the actual required head, so that the pump has the highest efficiency and is more economical to use. But it is not required that the head on the nameplate of the water pump be absolutely equal to the actual required head. Generally, as long as the deviation does not exceed 20%, the water pump can operate in a more energy-efficient manner.
The head and outlet flow rate of submersible pumps also have certain considerations. If a high head pump is used for a low head, it will result in excessive flow and motor overload. If it runs for a long time, the temperature of the motor will rise, and the insulation layer of the winding will accelerate aging, even burning out the motor. If the head of the water pump is much lower than the actual head required, it often cannot meet the user's wishes, and even if it can pump water, the amount of water will be very small. Therefore, it is generally not advisable to choose a water pump with a large outflow rate, otherwise it will increase the cost of purchasing the water pump. Specific problems should be analyzed on a case by case basis. For example, if a user uses a self-priming water pump for their own draft, the flow rate should be selected as small as possible; If it is a submersible pump for irrigation, a larger flow rate can be selected appropriately.
Thirdly, one must master the correct usage method
Correct operation and application are important factors in extending the service life of submersible pumps and reducing economic losses. Therefore, before starting the submersible pump, the first thing to check is whether the rotation of the pump shaft is normal and whether there is any jamming phenomenon; Check if the position of the impeller is normal; Check for any cracks, scratches, or breaks in the cables and cable plugs. During operation, attention should be paid to observing the changes in voltage, generally controlled within ± 5% of the rated voltage. In addition, the position of the submersible pump in the water is very important. It should be selected as much as possible in a place with abundant water, no silt, and good water quality, and suspended vertically in the water; Water ponds with weeds should be equipped with protective filters, and impurities and weeds should be removed in advance to prevent the nets from being blocked. Submersible pumps are not allowed to work horizontally at the bottom of the pond, in order to avoid getting stuck in mud or being blocked by suspended solids at the inlet of the pump, resulting in a sharp decrease in water output or even inability to pump water. For self-priming pumps, they should be placed in ventilated and dry places as much as possible to facilitate rapid heat dissipation and reduce motor temperature. When using a new self-priming pump, the protective plastic film covering the motor should be removed, otherwise it may cause the motor to overheat and burn out the coil. In addition, before each start-up, it is necessary to check the water storage in the pump body, otherwise it will affect the self-priming performance and easily burn the shaft seal components. Under normal circumstances, the water pump should release water within 3-5 minutes after starting, otherwise it should be stopped immediately for inspection.
Fourthly, regular maintenance and inspection should be carried out to avoid working with illnesses
Under normal circumstances, the water pump should be repaired every six months, and it is important to avoid working with problems. Once the water pump malfunctions, do not disassemble it yourself. It is best to go to an experienced and large-scale professional repair point for maintenance, and replace expired parts and some vulnerable components in a timely manner. When stored outside the service life, the water pump should be promptly lifted away from the water source and the accumulated water in the pump should be drained. Especially during the rainy season or winter, it should be placed in a dry place, and butter should be applied to key parts of the water pump. Lubricating oil should be added to the bearings to prevent rusting of the components. The downtime of submersible pumps is not always better. If not used for a long time, parts are prone to rusting, reducing the service life of the pump. Therefore, submersible pumps should be used reasonably throughout the year as much as possible.
