The water hammer phenomenon refers to the phenomenon in which the outlet valve of a self-priming pump suddenly opens or closes in a liquid transport pipeline, causing a sudden change in flow rate and a significant fluctuation in pressure. When the opened valve suddenly closes, the inertia of the flowing liquid converts the kinetic energy of the fluid in the pipeline into the elastic compression energy of the fluid, causing a sudden and sharp increase in pressure inside the pipeline.
On the other side of the valve, due to the continued flow of fluid, a low pressure will be formed inside the pipeline. When a sufficiently large pressure difference is reached, it will cause the liquid column in the pipeline to be quickly pulled apart. When water hammer occurs to break the liquid column, the reflux liquid column will hit the closing valve, generating a huge water hammer pressure. This will cause significant damage to valves and pipelines.
When the self-priming pump in the pump station is powered off, a water hammer phenomenon will occur. Sudden pump shutdown can cause significant water drop effects. The rapid changes in fluid pressure and flow velocity are not limited to local areas, but will alternate with the transmission speed of water hammer waves. Therefore, a valve must be installed in the outlet pipeline of the self-priming pump to avoid damage to the pump body after water hammer occurs.
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